healthier, happier and richer

Total national greenhouse gas emissions as a percentage of global total, 1998 figures

0.3% not including land use change (see Earthtrends: Climate and Atmosphere – Philippines).

Historical contribution – 1900 to 1999

0.15% (see Earthtrends: Climate and Atmosphere – Philippines).

Change in annual greenhouse gas emissions since 1990

Carbon emission rose 72% 1990-1998 (see Earthtrends: Climate and Atmosphere – Philippines). More recent verified figures are not available. However, from 1990 to 2007 there was a 35% reduction in forest cover (see Unstats: Environment Statistics Country Snapshot: Philippines).

2005 per capita annual greenhouse gas emissions

1.7 tons. In 2000, the figure with land-use change was 3 tons.

Energy used per unit of GDP (compared to USA)

56% (2000 figure, from Earthtrends: Climate and Atmosphere – Philippines).

Balance of energy sources, 2006

	%
Renewables*	47
Oil	32
Coal	`3.5
Gas	6
Hydro	2

* Largely wood used for cooking and heating, plus use of geothermal for electricity (see below).

Energy security

The Philippines has no significant fossil fuel reserves.

Electricity generated, 2006

	%
Gas	29
Coal	27
Geothermal*	18.5
Hydro	17.5
Oil	8

* The Philippines is the world’s second largest user of geothermal power, after Indonesia.

Installed wind capacity

2008               25.2Mw

Electricity – supply and demand

Only limited capacity was installed in the 1980s. In 1990-92, there was a serious power shortage. By 2002, installed capacity had approximately doubled (see Department of Energy: The Philippine Electricity Sector). In 2005, a US government report noted that:

“… demand for power continues to surge, and would require additional capacities in the main grid areas (Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao) within the next five years or so, while old power plants are being retired or decommissioned.”

(See BuyUSA.com: Electrical Power Systems- Philippines.)

“In 1969, the Philippines faced many of the same electrification issues the United States faced in the 1930s: There was ample power in the urban areas, but less than 10 percent of the rural population had electricity. This stifled development and relegated millions of people to subsistence. That year… the government passed Republic Act 6038, establishing the national policy of universal electrification and creating the National Electrification Administration (NEA) to oversee implementation of this vision. The ambitious initiative would eventually put the Philippines at the forefront of the developing world’s rural electrification effort, providing electricity to some 8 million rural households, farms and business enterprises and spurring the growth of some 17,000 rural factories and businesses. Now, as the NEA celebrates its 40th anniversary, the Filipino government has declared that by year’s end, 100 percent of the country’s villages, called barangays, will have access to electricity. Nearly all the lines strung over the past four decades have been built and maintained by the country’s network of 119 electric cooperatives.”

(See NRECA International programs: Philippines Rural Electric Cooperative Program Celebrates 40 Years of Success.)

Percentage of agriculture certified as organic

0.12%

Cars per thousand of population

31